Which description best fits leading indicators?

• A. Focuses on past incident results
• B. Reflects management's commitment to safety and focuses on prevention
• C. Measures only training hours
• D. Solely measures compliance with orders

Answer: (B)

Leading indicators are proactive measures that gauge how well the safety system prevents harm, focusing on prevention and how management demonstrates commitment to safety. The description that highlights management’s commitment to safety and a preventive focus best matches this idea, because it shows efforts to avert incidents before they occur.

Why the others don’t fit as well: measures focused on past incident results describe lagging indicators, which reflect what has already happened rather than what can prevent it. Tracking training hours alone isn’t sufficient, since hours don’t guarantee effective safety outcomes. Finally, measuring only compliance with orders emphasizes rule-following rather than proactive safety performance and system effectiveness.